Dark patterns are deceptive UX/UI practices used to trick users into doing things they might not otherwise do—like signing up for recurring payments or giving up personal data. These manipulative tactics are baked into the interfaces of many modern apps and websites, often under the guise of 'optimizing conversions.'
Common Types of Dark Patterns
Dark patterns come in many forms, and spotting them is the first step toward fighting back. Some of the most notorious types include:
- Roach motels: Easy to get into, hard to get out of (e.g., canceling subscriptions)
- Forced continuity: Automatically charging users after a free trial without clear notice
- Trick questions: Misleading language to confuse users into opting in
- Hidden costs: Unexpected fees appearing at the last step of checkout
- Confirmshaming: Guilt-tripping users for declining an offer or opting out
Why It Matters
These patterns erode trust and damage user relationships. Ethical design is not just good practice—it's good business. As regulations tighten and users become more aware, companies using dark patterns may face reputational and legal consequences.